Russian Journal of Earth Sciences Russian Journal of Earth Sciences Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 1681-1208 51702 10.2205/2022ES000825 ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ ORIGINAL ARTICLES ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ Wavelet analysis of geomagnetically induced currents during the strong geomagnetic storms Wavelet analysis of geomagnetically induced currents during the strong geomagnetic storms https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5380-713X Аксенович Татьяна Валерьевна Aksenovich Tatyana Valerievna t.aksenovich@ksc.ru Билин Владислав Андреевич Bilin Vladislav Andreevich bilinvlad@gmail.com Сахаров Ярослав Алексеевич Sakharov Yaroslav Alekseevich sakharov@pgia.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5681-065X Селиванов Василий Николаевич Selivanov Vasiliy Nikolaevich v.selivanov@ksc.ru

кандидат технических наук;

candidate of technical sciences;

 Центр физико-технических проблем энергетики Севера КНЦ РАН Апатиты Россия Northern Energetics Research Centre KSC RAS Apatity Russian Federation Полярный геофизический институт РАН Апатиты Россия Polar Geophysical Institute, RAS Apatity Russian Federation Центр физико-технических проблем энергетики Севера КНЦ РАН Апатиты Россия Nothern Energetics Research Centre KSC RAS Apatity Russian Federation Полярный Геофизический Институт Апатиты Россия Polar Geophysical Institute Apatity Russian Federation Центр физико-технических проблем энергетики Севера КНЦ РАН Апатиты Россия Nothern Energetics Research Centre KSC RAS Apatity Russian Federation Геофизический центр РАН Москва Россия Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation Центр физико-технических проблем энергетики Севера КНЦ РАН Апатиты Россия Northern Energetics Research Centre KSC RAS Apatity Russian Federation 31 12 2022 31 12 2022 22 6 1 12 12 07 2022 20 12 2022 https://rjes.ru/en/nauka/article/51702/view

The main problem of electric utilities around the world is to ensure continuous power supply to consumers. One of the causes of power outages and blackouts can be geomagnetic storms during periods of the increased solar activity. They arouse geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) flowing in the long-distance high-voltage power grids on Earth’s surface. The history of this phenomenon investigation shows that GICs during strong geomagnetic storms had led to blackouts in certain regions of Canada, Sweden and the USA. To study these phenomena and assess the risks of such accidents for the regional system, a GICs registration system in 330 kV autotransformers neutrals of the Kola-Karelian power transit was developed in northwestern Russia. During 11 years of monitoring numerous cases of the flow of high values of quasi-dc currents with different time durations, induced by variations of the geomagnetic field, have been registered. In order to analyze the currents a wavelet transform was chosen, since this method allows to define not only the frequency composition but also changes in spectral characteristics over time, which is significant in the study of GIC. The paper presents a discussion of GIC scalograms obtained for four events of Solar Cycle 24: 13-14 November 2012, 17-18 March 2015, 7-8 September 2015 and 7-8 September 2017. The analysis showed that the characteristic duration of the peak of the considered GICs is from 4.6 to 11.1 min.

The main problem of electric utilities around the world is to ensure continuous power supply to consumers. One of the causes of power outages and blackouts can be geomagnetic storms during periods of the increased solar activity. They arouse geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) flowing in the long-distance high-voltage power grids on Earth’s surface. The history of this phenomenon investigation shows that GICs during strong geomagnetic storms had led to blackouts in certain regions of Canada, Sweden and the USA. To study these phenomena and assess the risks of such accidents for the regional system, a GICs registration system in 330 kV autotransformers neutrals of the Kola-Karelian power transit was developed in northwestern Russia. During 11 years of monitoring numerous cases of the flow of high values of quasi-dc currents with different time durations, induced by variations of the geomagnetic field, have been registered. In order to analyze the currents a wavelet transform was chosen, since this method allows to define not only the frequency composition but also changes in spectral characteristics over time, which is significant in the study of GIC. The paper presents a discussion of GIC scalograms obtained for four events of Solar Cycle 24: 13-14 November 2012, 17-18 March 2015, 7-8 September 2015 and 7-8 September 2017. The analysis showed that the characteristic duration of the peak of the considered GICs is from 4.6 to 11.1 min.

 geomagnetically induced currents geomagnetic storm autotransformer continuous wavelet transform geomagnetically induced currents geomagnetic storm autotransformer continuous wavelet transform This study is supported by the grant no. 22-29-00413 from the Russian Science Foundation (https://rscf.ru/project/22-29-00413/). This study is supported by the grant no. 22-29-00413 from the Russian Science Foundation (https://rscf.ru/project/22-29-00413/).

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