Russian Journal of Earth Sciences Russian Journal of Earth Sciences Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 1681-1208 88374 10.2205/2024ES000946 kfgdnb ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ ORIGINAL ARTICLES ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ Late Middle to Late Ordovician Phosphate Accumulation of the Moyero River Section (Siberia): A Record of Upwelling and Global Cooling Late Middle to Late Ordovician Phosphate Accumulation of the Moyero River Section (Siberia): A Record of Upwelling and Global Cooling https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6201-599X Лыков Никита Андреевич Lykov Nikita Andreevich lykovna@my.msu.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6828-5629 Ростовцева Юлиана Валерьевна Rostovtseva Yu. V.

доктор геолого-минералогических наук;

doctor of geological and mineralogical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0229-8598 Дронов Андрей Викторович Dronov Andrey Viktorovich Геологический институт РАН Moscow Россия Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation Российский государственный университет нефти и газа имени И. М. Губкина Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas Геофизический центр РАН Россия Geophysical Center of the RAS Russian Federation Геологический институт РАН Россия Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Russian Federation 26 12 2024 26 12 2024 24 6 1 12 04 09 2024 22 10 2024 https://rjes.ru/en/nauka/article/88374/view

The phosphate-bearing rocks (phosphate rocks and phosphorites) were studied over a 45-meter interval of the Moyero river section, covering the upper part of the Darriwilian and the lower part of the Sandbian stages of the Ordovician. These rocks were investigated by field observations and laboratory methods, including optic and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analyses. The accumulation of phosphatic matter is manifested in carbonates, sandstones, and aleurolites in the form of grains (ooids and peloids), intraclasts, phosphatic and phosphatized shells. In argillites, it is represented by cryptocrystalline matter. Phosphate matter consists of fluorapatite. The peaks of phosphate accumulation are associated with the formation of layers of physically reworked granular phosphorites (condensation horizons) directly above the depositional sequence boundaries. The formation of the studied phosphate-bearing rocks during the Darriwilian-Sandbian transition was influenced by a combination of global (Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE), reduction in sea surface temperature, atmospheric CO2, high sea level, flooding of craton margins) and regional (equatorial position of Siberia, arid climate, facies) factors. Global conditions led to the enrichment of seawater with phosphorus and the effect of upwelling. Regional conditions determined the characteristics of phosphate formation. Studied phosphate-bearing rocks can be considered as a record of upwelling on the Siberian craton during the Middle-Late Ordovician transition and one of the manifestations of long-term global cooling started early in the Middle Ordovician.

The phosphate-bearing rocks (phosphate rocks and phosphorites) were studied over a 45-meter interval of the Moyero river section, covering the upper part of the Darriwilian and the lower part of the Sandbian stages of the Ordovician. These rocks were investigated by field observations and laboratory methods, including optic and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analyses. The accumulation of phosphatic matter is manifested in carbonates, sandstones, and aleurolites in the form of grains (ooids and peloids), intraclasts, phosphatic and phosphatized shells. In argillites, it is represented by cryptocrystalline matter. Phosphate matter consists of fluorapatite. The peaks of phosphate accumulation are associated with the formation of layers of physically reworked granular phosphorites (condensation horizons) directly above the depositional sequence boundaries. The formation of the studied phosphate-bearing rocks during the Darriwilian-Sandbian transition was influenced by a combination of global (Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE), reduction in sea surface temperature, atmospheric CO2, high sea level, flooding of craton margins) and regional (equatorial position of Siberia, arid climate, facies) factors. Global conditions led to the enrichment of seawater with phosphorus and the effect of upwelling. Regional conditions determined the characteristics of phosphate formation. Studied phosphate-bearing rocks can be considered as a record of upwelling on the Siberian craton during the Middle-Late Ordovician transition and one of the manifestations of long-term global cooling started early in the Middle Ordovician.

 Middle Ordovician Late Ordovician upwelling phosphates Siberian platform Paleoclimate Middle Ordovician Late Ordovician upwelling phosphates Siberian platform Paleoclimate The present study was supported by Russian Science Foundation (grant 20-17-00198) and Ministry of Science and Higher Education funding of Geological Institute RAS (project FMMG-2021-0003) and Geophysical Centre RAS (project 075-00443- 24-01). This is a contribution to the IGCP 735 project “Rocks and the Rise of Ordovician Life”. The present study was supported by Russian Science Foundation (grant 20-17-00198) and Ministry of Science and Higher Education funding of Geological Institute RAS (project FMMG-2021-0003) and Geophysical Centre RAS (project 075-00443- 24-01). This is a contribution to the IGCP 735 project “Rocks and the Rise of Ordovician Life”.

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