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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Earth Sciences</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Earth Sciences</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Russian Journal of Earth Sciences</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">1681-1208</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">92207</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2205/2025ES001026</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="edn">hrflze</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Mechanical Anthropogenic Impact on Natural Slopes of Coastal Dunes</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Mechanical Anthropogenic Impact on Natural Slopes of Coastal Dunes</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-3757</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Данченков</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Романович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Danchenkov</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksandr Romanovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>aldanchenkov@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат географических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of geographical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4740-6598</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Питерниекс</surname>
       <given-names>Е. Д.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Piterniex</surname>
       <given-names>E. D.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2350-3690</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Белов</surname>
       <given-names>Николай Сергеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Belov</surname>
       <given-names>Nikolay Sergeevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт океанологии имени П. П. Ширшова</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Oceanology. PP Shirshov Russian Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта</institution>
     <city>Kaliningrad</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Immanuel Kant Russian State University</institution>
     <city>Kaliningrad</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-24T18:05:25+03:00">
    <day>24</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-24T18:05:25+03:00">
    <day>24</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>25</volume>
   <issue>5</issue>
   <elocation-id>ES5027</elocation-id>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-18T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>18</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-05-22T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>22</day>
     <month>05</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://rjes.ru/en/nauka/article/92207/view">https://rjes.ru/en/nauka/article/92207/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>The results of a series of experimental works on controlled human trampling on natural slopes of coastal dunes are summarized. Intensification of anthropogenic impact on coastal dunes, including the growth of local tourism, together with modern climatic changes, leads to degradation of coastal aeolian-marine complexes. The impact of human foot traffic on dune slopes triggers a chain of morphodynamic processes that ultimately lead to sand activation and migration. The morphodynamic effect of human trampling depends on the initial moisture content of the sand and the depth of the dried layer, which expires in streams before reaching the natural slope and leads to a localized change in moisture content due to instantaneous mixing. The morphodynamic effect of multiple successive human descents is to form a trough of disturbed sands, within which there is a slow outflow of dry sand moved by slow displacement. In both cases, the displacement process is similar to that of a “flowing wedge”, where under the action of surface pressure in a local depression there is a correlated movement of particles confined to a region defined by the length of the stress chains. The processes of subsequent relaxation cause the crumbling of microform walls of the footprint formed by the moistened sand layer and the formation of the natural slope in new, “shifted”, conditions.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The results of a series of experimental works on controlled human trampling on natural slopes of coastal dunes are summarized. Intensification of anthropogenic impact on coastal dunes, including the growth of local tourism, together with modern climatic changes, leads to degradation of coastal aeolian-marine complexes. The impact of human foot traffic on dune slopes triggers a chain of morphodynamic processes that ultimately lead to sand activation and migration. The morphodynamic effect of human trampling depends on the initial moisture content of the sand and the depth of the dried layer, which expires in streams before reaching the natural slope and leads to a localized change in moisture content due to instantaneous mixing. The morphodynamic effect of multiple successive human descents is to form a trough of disturbed sands, within which there is a slow outflow of dry sand moved by slow displacement. In both cases, the displacement process is similar to that of a “flowing wedge”, where under the action of surface pressure in a local depression there is a correlated movement of particles confined to a region defined by the length of the stress chains. The processes of subsequent relaxation cause the crumbling of microform walls of the footprint formed by the moistened sand layer and the formation of the natural slope in new, “shifted”, conditions.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Coastal dune</kwd>
    <kwd>Trampling</kwd>
    <kwd>Dune slopes</kwd>
    <kwd>Geometric transformation vector</kwd>
    <kwd>Morphodynamics</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Coastal dune</kwd>
    <kwd>Trampling</kwd>
    <kwd>Dune slopes</kwd>
    <kwd>Geometric transformation vector</kwd>
    <kwd>Morphodynamics</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">The study was funded by a grant from the Russian Scientific Foundation no. 23-77-01039.</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was funded by a grant from the Russian Scientific Foundation no. 23-77-01039.</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
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