Russian Journal of Earth Sciences Russian Journal of Earth Sciences Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 1681-1208 6a9c163332807fdbab8725a3 10.2205/2026es001142 wtshuy ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ ORIGINAL ARTICLES ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ Felsic Tuffs from the Upper Miocene of the Eastern Paratethys (Georgia, Kakheti): Composition, Secondary Alterations, and Correlation with Volcanic Eruptions Felsic Tuffs from the Upper Miocene of the Eastern Paratethys (Georgia, Kakheti): Composition, Secondary Alterations, and Correlation with Volcanic Eruptions https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6828-5629 Ростовцева Юлиана Валерьевна Rostovtseva Yu. V.

доктор геолого-минералогических наук;

doctor of geological and mineralogical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1856-4958 Коиава Кахабер Petrovich Koiava Kakhaber Petrovich https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5037-4778 Одинцова Анастасия Александровна Odintsova Anastasia Aleksandrovna Ионидис Никита Ionidis Nikita https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5032-2241 Карапетян Джон Костикович Karapetyan Jon Kostikovich

кандидат геолого-минералогических наук;

candidate of geological and mineralogical sciences;

 Геофизический центр РАН Россия Geophysical Center of the RAS Russian Federation Институт геологии им. А. Джанелидзе Грузия TSU Alexandre Janelidze Institute of Geology Georgia Геофизический центр Российской Академии Наук Москва RU Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow RU Центр энергетических технологий Сколтех Россия Skoltech Center for Energy Science and Technology Russian Federation Институт геофизики и инженерной сейсмологии им. А. Назарова НАН РА Гюмри Армения Institute of Geophysics and Engineering Seismology after A. Nazarov Gyumri Armenia 07 09 2026 07 09 2026 26 3 ES3018 15 06 2026 30 08 2026 © 2026 Ростовцева Ю.В., Коиава К.P., Одинцова А.А., Ионидис Н., Карапетян Д.К. © 2026 Rostovtseva Y.V., Koiava K.P., Odintsova A.A., Ionidis N., Karapetyan J.K. 2026 Ростовцева Юлиана Валерьевна, Коиава Кахабер Petrovich, Одинцова Анастасия Александровна, Ионидис Никита, Карапетян Джон Костикович Rostovtseva Yu. V., Koiava Kakhaber Petrovich, Odintsova Anastasia Aleksandrovna, Ionidis Nikita, Karapetyan Jon Kostikovich Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) https://rjes.ru/en/nauka/publications/6a9c163332807fdbab8725a3/view

This study presents new data on the secondary alterations and composition of felsic tuffs (65.38–66.12 wt.% SiO2 for whole rocks and 75.94–79.98 wt.% SiO2 for volcanic glasses) from Upper Sarmatian and Maeotian-Pontian continental sedimentary rocks of the Udabno Upper Miocene section (Kakheti, Eastern Georgia, Eastern Paratethys). These rocks show varying degrees of secondary alterations, characterized by the predominant development of smectites and zeolites (analcime and heulandite/clinoptilolite). Smectite was formed in the initial stages of secondary alterations, preceding intensive zeolitization. The Na-zeolites (analcime) are characteristic of Na-rich Upper Sarmatian pyroclastics, while the Ca-Na-zeolites (heulandite/clinoptilolite) are characteristic of Maeotian-Pontian pyroclastics with a high Ca content. Secondary alterations were accompanied by removal of K+ from volcanic material. Despite secondary alterations, the composition of the studied volcanic material to some extent reflects the characteristics of the initial pyroclastics. The source of Upper Sarmatian pyroclastics could be volcanic eruptions that occurred up to 7.65 Ma. The MaeotianPontian tuff is characterized by an association with phenocrysts of the minerals: clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, amphibole, and plagioclase (Cpx-Opx-Amp-Pl). This pyroclastic material is most likely comparable to the volcanic rocks of the Goderdzi suite, reflecting episodes of eruptions in the Erusheti highland (southern Georgia) from ∼7.5 to 7.0 Ma.

This study presents new data on the secondary alterations and composition of felsic tuffs (65.38–66.12 wt.% SiO2 for whole rocks and 75.94–79.98 wt.% SiO2 for volcanic glasses) from Upper Sarmatian and Maeotian-Pontian continental sedimentary rocks of the Udabno Upper Miocene section (Kakheti, Eastern Georgia, Eastern Paratethys). These rocks show varying degrees of secondary alterations, characterized by the predominant development of smectites and zeolites (analcime and heulandite/clinoptilolite). Smectite was formed in the initial stages of secondary alterations, preceding intensive zeolitization. The Na-zeolites (analcime) are characteristic of Na-rich Upper Sarmatian pyroclastics, while the Ca-Na-zeolites (heulandite/clinoptilolite) are characteristic of Maeotian-Pontian pyroclastics with a high Ca content. Secondary alterations were accompanied by removal of K+ from volcanic material. Despite secondary alterations, the composition of the studied volcanic material to some extent reflects the characteristics of the initial pyroclastics. The source of Upper Sarmatian pyroclastics could be volcanic eruptions that occurred up to 7.65 Ma. The MaeotianPontian tuff is characterized by an association with phenocrysts of the minerals: clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, amphibole, and plagioclase (Cpx-Opx-Amp-Pl). This pyroclastic material is most likely comparable to the volcanic rocks of the Goderdzi suite, reflecting episodes of eruptions in the Erusheti highland (southern Georgia) from ∼7.5 to 7.0 Ma.

 felsic tuffs secondary alterations zeolitization volcanic eruptions Upper Miocene Eastern Paratethys Georgia felsic tuffs secondary alterations zeolitization volcanic eruptions Upper Miocene Eastern Paratethys Georgia This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 26-17- 00028) for Y. V. R., the budgetary funding of the Geophysical Center of RAS, adopted by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Project No. 075- 00444-26-00) for A. A. O., the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (Grant No. FR-21-1979) for K. P. K., and the Higher Education and Science Committee of the Republic of Armenia within the framework of basic funding (Contract No. 1-11/26- IS/IGES) for J. K. K. The authors are grateful to Alena Rybkina for her great organizational work. This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 26-17- 00028) for Y. V. R., the budgetary funding of the Geophysical Center of RAS, adopted by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Project No. 075- 00444-26-00) for A. A. O., the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (Grant No. FR-21-1979) for K. P. K., and the Higher Education and Science Committee of the Republic of Armenia within the framework of basic funding (Contract No. 1-11/26- IS/IGES) for J. K. K. The authors are grateful to Alena Rybkina for her great organizational work.

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