Russian Journal of Earth Sciences Russian Journal of Earth Sciences Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 1681-1208 91529 10.2205/2025es000985 xcywmw ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ ORIGINAL ARTICLES ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ The Geomagnetically Induced Current Extremal Values Estimation Based on Baygazan Magnetical Station Data Оценка экстремальных значений геоиндуцированных токов на основе данных магнитной станции «Байгазан» https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0196-4712 Гвоздарев Алексей Юрьевич Gvozdarev Aleksey Yurevich gvozdarev@ikir.ru

кандидат технических наук;кандидат технических наук;

candidate of technical sciences;candidate of technical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9133-5137 Учайкин Евгений Олегович Uchaykin Evgeniy Olegovich evgeniy_uch@mail.ru Институт космофизических исследований и распространения радиоволн ДВО РАН Паратунка Камчатского края Россия Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation FEB RAS Paratunka, Kamchatka region Russian Federation Горно-Алтайский государственный университет Gorno-Altaisk State University 30 12 2025 30 12 2025 25 6 ES6023 22 11 2025 11 09 2025 https://rjes.ru/en/nauka/article/91529/view

На основе данных магнитной станции «Байгазан» произведено моделирование геоиндуцированных токов (ГИТ) в линии электропередачи (ЛЭП) 500 кВ «Саяно-Шушенская ГЭС (СШ ГЭС) – подстанция (ПС) «Новокузнецкая» (и прилегающих к ней линиях) во время очень сильных и экстремальных магнитных бурь (планетарный индекс геомагнитной активности 𝐾𝑝 ≥ 8) за период 2012–2024 г. в приближении одномерной модели распределения проводимости земной коры. Показано, что, для СШ ГЭС ток в нейтрали трансформаторных групп может достигать 17 А, для ПС «Новокузнецкая» – 8 А. Основными источниками ГИТ являются быстрые высокоамплитудные бухтообразные возмущения (до 17 А) и внезапные начала магнитных бурь (до 5 А). Отмечен заметный вклад геомагнитных пульсаций различных классов в формирование ГИТ (до 5 А).

Based on the Baygazan magnetic station data, geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in the 500 kV Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP (SSHPP) – Novokuznetsk substation power line were simulated during very strong and extreme magnetic storms (planetary geomagnetic index activity 𝐾𝑝 ≥ 8) for the period 2012–2024. The 1D Earth's crust conductivity distribution model is used for calculation. It is shown that, the GIC in the transformer neutral can reach 17 A for the SSHPP, and 8 A for the Novokuznetsk substation. The main sources of GIC are rapid high-amplitude bay-like disturbances (up to 17 A) and SSC (up to 5 A). A specificity has been found in the reaction of power line grounding nodes to geomagnetic activity caused by the network topology. A noticeable contribution of various pulsations classes to the GIC generation (up to 5 A) was noted.

 геоиндуцированные токи Южная Сибирь моделирование бухтообразные возмущения пульсации геомагнитного поля внезапные начала магнитных бурь Geomagnetically-induced current South Siberia simulation bay-like disturbances geomagnetic pulsation SSC Работа выполнена за счёт средств гранта РНФ № 23-27-10055 и Министерства науки и образования Республики Алтай. Авторы признательны В. А. Пилипенко, В. Б. Белаховскому, Д. В. Кудину за обсуждение материалов работы и критические замечания, позволившие значительно её улучшить. Мы благодарим младшего научного сотрудника обсерватории «Ключи» А. А. Ковалева и зав. обсерваторией А. Ю. Белинскую за предоставленные секундные данные обсерватории. Мы благодарны научному сотруднику Алтайского заповедника М. Б. Сахневич и сменившему её инспектору И. Н. Светлояру, обеспечивавшим мониторинг геомагнитных вариаций на кордоне Байгазан и дирекции Алтайского заповедника, много лет поддерживающей магнитные измерения в заповеднике. Авторы выражают свою признательность двум анонимным рецензентам, замечания которых позволили существенно улучшить статью. This work was supported by grant #23-27-10055 from the Russian Science Foundation and the Ministry of Science and Education of the Altai Republic. The authors are grateful to V. A. Pilipenko, V. B. Belakhovsky, and D. V. Kudin for discussing the materials and providing critical comments, which significantly improved the work. We thank A. A. Kovalev, a junior researcher at the Klyuchi Observatory, and A. Yu. Belinskaya, the head of the observatory, for providing the observatory's one-second data. We are grateful to M. B. Sakhnevich, a researcher at the Altai Nature Reserve, and I. N. Svetloyar, an inspector who replaced her, for monitoring geomagnetic variations at the Baigazan cordon, and to the directorate of the Altai Nature Reserve, which has supported magnetic measurements in the reserve for many years. The authors express their gratitude to two anonymous reviewers, whose comments significantly improved the article.

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