<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Earth Sciences</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Earth Sciences</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Russian Journal of Earth Sciences</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">1681-1208</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99743</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2205/2025es001050</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="edn">ilumxn</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Internal Tides North of the Critical Latitude in the Fram Strait</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Internal Tides North of the Critical Latitude in the Fram Strait</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-3454</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Морозов</surname>
       <given-names>Евгений Георгиевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Morozov</surname>
       <given-names>Eugene Georgievich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>egmorozov@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8141-9513</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Фрей</surname>
       <given-names>Дмитрий Ильич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Frey</surname>
       <given-names>D. I.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт океанологии им. П.П. Ширшова РАН</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт океанологии им. П.П. Ширшова РАН</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-10T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>10</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-10T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>10</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>25</volume>
   <issue>5</issue>
   <elocation-id>ES5005</elocation-id>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-12T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>12</day>
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-13T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>13</day>
     <month>07</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://rjes.ru/en/nauka/article/99743/view">https://rjes.ru/en/nauka/article/99743/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>We analyze measurements of temperature on moorings in the Fram Strait. Locations of moorings differ by the slope of the bottom topography and efficient vorticity induced by mean currents in the strait. Forcing by tidal currents also differs in different regions of the strait. High negative (anticyclonic) vorticity occasionally allows existence of internal tides of the M2 frequency north of the critical latitude (74°30’ N) for these waves.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>We analyze measurements of temperature on moorings in the Fram Strait. Locations of moorings differ by the slope of the bottom topography and efficient vorticity induced by mean currents in the strait. Forcing by tidal currents also differs in different regions of the strait. High negative (anticyclonic) vorticity occasionally allows existence of internal tides of the M2 frequency north of the critical latitude (74°30’ N) for these waves.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>moorings</kwd>
    <kwd>Fram Strait</kwd>
    <kwd>internal tides</kwd>
    <kwd>critical latitudes</kwd>
    <kwd>vorticity</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>moorings</kwd>
    <kwd>Fram Strait</kwd>
    <kwd>internal tides</kwd>
    <kwd>critical latitudes</kwd>
    <kwd>vorticity</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">This research was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grants 23-77-30001 (analysis of long term measurements) 25-17-00309 (interpretation of results).</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grants 23-77-30001 (analysis of long term measurements) 25-17-00309 (interpretation of results).</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baines P. G. On internal tide generation models // Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers. — 1982. — Vol. 29, no. 3. — P. 307–338. — https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(82)90098-x.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baines P. G. On internal tide generation models // Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers. — 1982. — Vol. 29, no. 3. — P. 307–338. — https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(82)90098-x.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beszczynska-Möller A., Fahrbach E., Schauer U., et al. Variability in Atlantic water temperature and transport at the entrance to the Arctic Ocean, 1997-2010 // ICES Journal of Marine Science. — 2012. — Vol. 69, no. 5. — P. 852–863. — https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss056.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beszczynska-Möller A., Fahrbach E., Schauer U., et al. Variability in Atlantic water temperature and transport at the entrance to the Arctic Ocean, 1997-2010 // ICES Journal of Marine Science. — 2012. — Vol. 69, no. 5. — P. 852–863. — https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss056.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Egbert G. D. and Erofeeva S. Efficient Inverse Modeling of Barotropic Ocean Tides // Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. — 2002. — Vol. 19, no. 2. — P. 183–204. — https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019&lt;0183:EIMOBO&gt;2.0.co;2.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Egbert G. D. and Erofeeva S. Efficient Inverse Modeling of Barotropic Ocean Tides // Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. — 2002. — Vol. 19, no. 2. — P. 183–204. — https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019&lt;0183:EIMOBO&gt;2.0.co;2.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">European Union-Copernicus Marine Service, Global Ocean Mean Dynamic Topography. — Mercator Ocean International, 2020. — https://doi.org/10.48670/MOI-00150. — (Accessed on 23-02-2025).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">European Union-Copernicus Marine Service, Global Ocean Mean Dynamic Topography. — Mercator Ocean International, 2020. — https://doi.org/10.48670/MOI-00150. — (Accessed on 23-02-2025).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fahrbach E., Meincke J., Østerhus S., et al. Direct measurements of volume transports through Fram Strait // Polar Research. — 2001. — Vol. 20, no. 2. — P. 217–224. — https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2001.tb00059.x.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fahrbach E., Meincke J., Østerhus S., et al. Direct measurements of volume transports through Fram Strait // Polar Research. — 2001. — Vol. 20, no. 2. — P. 217–224. — https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2001.tb00059.x.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fahrbach E., Rohardt G. and Schauer U. Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring F13-3. — 2012a. — https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.800306.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fahrbach E., Rohardt G. and Schauer U. Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring F13-3. — 2012a. — https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.800306.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fahrbach E., Rohardt G. and Schauer U. Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring F2-2. — 2012b. — https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.800330.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fahrbach E., Rohardt G. and Schauer U. Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring F2-2. — 2012b. — https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.800330.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fahrbach E., Rohardt G. and Schauer U. Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring F9-1. — 2012c. — https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.800408.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fahrbach E., Rohardt G. and Schauer U. Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring F9-1. — 2012c. — https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.800408.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fer I., Koenig Z., Kozlov I. E., et al. Tidally Forced Lee Waves Drive Turbulent Mixing Along the Arctic Ocean Margins // Geophysical Research Letters. — 2020. — Vol. 47, no. 16. — https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088083.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fer I., Koenig Z., Kozlov I. E., et al. Tidally Forced Lee Waves Drive Turbulent Mixing Along the Arctic Ocean Margins // Geophysical Research Letters. — 2020. — Vol. 47, no. 16. — https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088083.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garrett C. and Kunze E. Internal tide generation in the deep ocean // Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. — 2007. — Vol. 39, no. 1. — P. 57–87. — https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.39.050905.110227.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garrett C. and Kunze E. Internal tide generation in the deep ocean // Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. — 2007. — Vol. 39, no. 1. — P. 57–87. — https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.39.050905.110227.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garrett C. and Munk W. Space-Time scales of internal waves // Geophysical Fluid Dynamics. — 1972. — Vol. 3, no. 3. — P. 225–264. — https://doi.org/10.1080/03091927208236082.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garrett C. and Munk W. Space-Time scales of internal waves // Geophysical Fluid Dynamics. — 1972. — Vol. 3, no. 3. — P. 225–264. — https://doi.org/10.1080/03091927208236082.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holloway P. E. and Merrifield M. Internal tide generation by seamounts, ridges, and islands // Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. — 1999. — Vol. 104, no. C11. — P. 25937–25951. — https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jc900207.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holloway P. E. and Merrifield M. Internal tide generation by seamounts, ridges, and islands // Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. — 1999. — Vol. 104, no. C11. — P. 25937–25951. — https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jc900207.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khimchenko E. E., Frey D. I. and Morozov E. G. Tidal internal waves in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2020. — Vol. 20, no. 2. — ES2006. — https://doi.org/10.2205/2020es000711.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khimchenko E. E., Frey D. I. and Morozov E. G. Tidal internal waves in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2020. — Vol. 20, no. 2. — ES2006. — https://doi.org/10.2205/2020es000711.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Konyaev K. V., Plueddemann A. and Sabinin K. D. Internal tide on the Yermak Plateau in the Arctic Ocean // Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics. — 2000. — Vol. 36, no. 4. — P. 500–509.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konyaev K. V., Plueddemann A. and Sabinin K. D. Internal tide on the Yermak Plateau in the Arctic Ocean // Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics. — 2000. — Vol. 36, no. 4. — P. 500–509.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Konyaev K. V. and Sabinin K. D. Waves in the Ocean. — Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat, 1992. — 272 p. — (In Russian).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konyaev K. V. and Sabinin K. D. Waves in the Ocean. — Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat, 1992. — 272 p. — (In Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kozlov I. E., Kopyshov I. O., Frey D. I., et al. Multi-Sensor Observations Reveal Large-Amplitude Nonlinear Internal Waves in the Kara Gates, Arctic Ocean // Remote Sensing. — 2023. — Vol. 15, no. 24. — https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245769.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlov I. E., Kopyshov I. O., Frey D. I., et al. Multi-Sensor Observations Reveal Large-Amplitude Nonlinear Internal Waves in the Kara Gates, Arctic Ocean // Remote Sensing. — 2023. — Vol. 15, no. 24. — https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245769.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kozlov I. E., Mihailichenko T. V. and Petrenko L. A. Properties of Short-Period Internal Waves Near Svalbard from Sentinel-1 Satellite Data // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2024. — Vol. 24. — ES5008. — https://doi.org/10.2205/2024es000951.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlov I. E., Mihailichenko T. V. and Petrenko L. A. Properties of Short-Period Internal Waves Near Svalbard from Sentinel-1 Satellite Data // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2024. — Vol. 24. — ES5008. — https://doi.org/10.2205/2024es000951.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kozlov I. E., Plotnikov E. V. and Manucharyan G. E. Brief Communication: Mesoscale and submesoscale dynamics in the marginal ice zone from sequential synthetic aperture radar observations // The Cryosphere. — 2020. — Vol. 14, no. 9. — P. 2941–2947. — https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2941-2020.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlov I. E., Plotnikov E. V. and Manucharyan G. E. Brief Communication: Mesoscale and submesoscale dynamics in the marginal ice zone from sequential synthetic aperture radar observations // The Cryosphere. — 2020. — Vol. 14, no. 9. — P. 2941–2947. — https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2941-2020.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kozubskaya G. I., Konyaev K. V., Plueddemann A., et al. Internal waves at the slope of Bear Island from the data of the Barents Sea Polar Front Experiment (BSPF-92) // Oceanology. — 1999. — Vol. 39, no. 2. — P. 147–154.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozubskaya G. I., Konyaev K. V., Plueddemann A., et al. Internal waves at the slope of Bear Island from the data of the Barents Sea Polar Front Experiment (BSPF-92) // Oceanology. — 1999. — Vol. 39, no. 2. — P. 147–154.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krauß W. Interne Wellen (Methoden und Ergebnisse der Theoretischen Ozeanographie: Band II). — Berlin-Nikolasee : Gebrüder Borntraeger, 1966. — 248 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krauß W. Interne Wellen (Methoden und Ergebnisse der Theoretischen Ozeanographie: Band II). — Berlin-Nikolasee : Gebrüder Borntraeger, 1966. — 248 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurkina O. E. and Talipova T. G. Huge internal waves in the vicinity of the Spitsbergen Island (Barents Sea) // Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. — 2011. — Vol. 11, no. 3. — P. 981–986. — https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-981-2011.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurkina O. E. and Talipova T. G. Huge internal waves in the vicinity of the Spitsbergen Island (Barents Sea) // Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. — 2011. — Vol. 11, no. 3. — P. 981–986. — https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-981-2011.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B22">
    <label>22.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">LeBlond P. H. and Mysak L. A. Waves in the Ocean. — Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1978. — P. 602.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">LeBlond P. H. and Mysak L. A. Waves in the Ocean. — Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1978. — P. 602.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B23">
    <label>23.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levine M. D., Paulson C. A. and Morison J. H. Internal Waves in the Arctic Ocean: Comparison with Lower-Latitude Observations // Journal of Physical Oceanography. — 1985. — Vol. 15, no. 6. — P. 800–809. — https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1985)015&lt;0800:iwitao&gt;2.0.co;2.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levine M. D., Paulson C. A. and Morison J. H. Internal Waves in the Arctic Ocean: Comparison with Lower-Latitude Observations // Journal of Physical Oceanography. — 1985. — Vol. 15, no. 6. — P. 800–809. — https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1985)015&lt;0800:iwitao&gt;2.0.co;2.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B24">
    <label>24.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lozovatsky I. D., Morozov E. G. and Fernando H. J. S. Spatial decay of energy density of tidal internal waves // Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. — 2003. — Vol. 108, no. C6. — P. 3201–3216. — https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jc001169.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lozovatsky I. D., Morozov E. G. and Fernando H. J. S. Spatial decay of energy density of tidal internal waves // Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. — 2003. — Vol. 108, no. C6. — P. 3201–3216. — https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jc001169.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B25">
    <label>25.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marchenko A. V. and Morozov E. G. Surface manifestations of the waves in the ocean covered with ice // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2016. — Vol. 16, no. 1. — ES1001. — https://doi.org/10.2205/2016es000561.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marchenko A. V. and Morozov E. G. Surface manifestations of the waves in the ocean covered with ice // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2016. — Vol. 16, no. 1. — ES1001. — https://doi.org/10.2205/2016es000561.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B26">
    <label>26.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morozov E. G. Semidiurnal internal wave global field // Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. — 1995. — Vol. 42, no. 1. — P. 135–148. — https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0637(95)92886-c.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozov E. G. Semidiurnal internal wave global field // Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. — 1995. — Vol. 42, no. 1. — P. 135–148. — https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0637(95)92886-c.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B27">
    <label>27.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morozov E. G. Wave Processes in the Arctic // Processes in GeoMedia-Volume VI. Vol. 6. — Springer International Publishing, 2023. — P. 175–203. — https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16575-7_18.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozov E. G. Wave Processes in the Arctic // Processes in GeoMedia-Volume VI. Vol. 6. — Springer International Publishing, 2023. — P. 175–203. — https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16575-7_18.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B28">
    <label>28.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morozov E. G., Ansorge I. and Vinokurov D. V. Semidiurnal internal tide in the Atlantic Ocean // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2020. — Vol. 20, no. 4. — ES4005. — https://doi.org/10.2205/2020es000733.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozov E. G., Ansorge I. and Vinokurov D. V. Semidiurnal internal tide in the Atlantic Ocean // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2020. — Vol. 20, no. 4. — ES4005. — https://doi.org/10.2205/2020es000733.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B29">
    <label>29.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morozov E. G. and Frey D. I. Strait of Kara Gates: A Region of Strong Internal Tides in the Arctic Seas // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2023. — Vol. 23. — ES3005. — https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es000860.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozov E. G. and Frey D. I. Strait of Kara Gates: A Region of Strong Internal Tides in the Arctic Seas // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2023. — Vol. 23. — ES3005. — https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es000860.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B30">
    <label>30.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morozov E. G. and Paka V. T. Internal waves in a high-latitude region // Oceanology. — 2010. — Vol. 50, no. 5. — P. 668–674. — https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437010050048.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozov E. G. and Paka V. T. Internal waves in a high-latitude region // Oceanology. — 2010. — Vol. 50, no. 5. — P. 668–674. — https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437010050048.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B31">
    <label>31.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morozov E. G., Paka V. T. and Bakhanov V. V. Strong internal tides in the Kara Gates Strait // Geophysical Research Letters. — 2008. — Vol. 35, no. 16. — https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl033804.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozov E. G., Paka V. T. and Bakhanov V. V. Strong internal tides in the Kara Gates Strait // Geophysical Research Letters. — 2008. — Vol. 35, no. 16. — https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl033804.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B32">
    <label>32.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morozov E. G. and Pisarev S. V. Internal tides at the Arctic latitudes (numerical experiments) // Oceanology. — 2002. — Vol. 42, no. 2. — P. 153–161.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozov E. G. and Pisarev S. V. Internal tides at the Arctic latitudes (numerical experiments) // Oceanology. — 2002. — Vol. 42, no. 2. — P. 153–161.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B33">
    <label>33.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morozov E. G. and Pisarev S. V. Internal Waves in the Region of the Akselsundet Strait of Western Spitsbergen Island // Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics. — 2023. — Vol. 59, no. 4. — P. 432–442. — https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823040126.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozov E. G. and Pisarev S. V. Internal Waves in the Region of the Akselsundet Strait of Western Spitsbergen Island // Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics. — 2023. — Vol. 59, no. 4. — P. 432–442. — https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823040126.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B34">
    <label>34.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parsons A. R., Bourke R. H., Muench R. D., et al. The Barents Sea Polar Front in summer // Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. — 1996. — Vol. 101, no. C6. — P. 14201–14221.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parsons A. R., Bourke R. H., Muench R. D., et al. The Barents Sea Polar Front in summer // Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. — 1996. — Vol. 101, no. C6. — P. 14201–14221.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B35">
    <label>35.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pisarev S. V. Experimental frequency spectra of internal waves in an ice-covered high-latitude basin // Oceanology. — 1988. — Vol. 28, no. 5. — P. 577–580.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pisarev S. V. Experimental frequency spectra of internal waves in an ice-covered high-latitude basin // Oceanology. — 1988. — Vol. 28, no. 5. — P. 577–580.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B36">
    <label>36.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pisarev S. V. Some measurements of the spatial and temporal characteristics of internal waves in an ice-covered highlatitude basin // Oceanology. — 1991. — Vol. 31, no. 1. — P. 42–46.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pisarev S. V. Some measurements of the spatial and temporal characteristics of internal waves in an ice-covered highlatitude basin // Oceanology. — 1991. — Vol. 31, no. 1. — P. 42–46.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B37">
    <label>37.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pisarev S. V. Spatial and temporal characteristics of internal waves at the edge of the continental shelf in the Arctic basin // Oceanology. — 1992. — Vol. 32, no. 5. — P. 579–583.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pisarev S. V. Spatial and temporal characteristics of internal waves at the edge of the continental shelf in the Arctic basin // Oceanology. — 1992. — Vol. 32, no. 5. — P. 579–583.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B38">
    <label>38.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Plueddemannn A. J., Krishfield R., Takizawa T., et al. Upper-ocean velocities in the Beaufort Gyre // Geophysical Research Letters. — 1998. — Vol. 25, no. 2. — P. 183–186. — https://doi.org/10.1029/97gl53638.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plueddemannn A. J., Krishfield R., Takizawa T., et al. Upper-ocean velocities in the Beaufort Gyre // Geophysical Research Letters. — 1998. — Vol. 25, no. 2. — P. 183–186. — https://doi.org/10.1029/97gl53638.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B39">
    <label>39.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prinsenberg S. J., Wilmot W. L. and Rattray M. Generation and dissipation of coastal internal tides // Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts. — 1974. — Vol. 21, no. 4. — P. 263–281. — https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(74)90098-9.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prinsenberg S. J., Wilmot W. L. and Rattray M. Generation and dissipation of coastal internal tides // Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts. — 1974. — Vol. 21, no. 4. — P. 263–281. — https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(74)90098-9.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B40">
    <label>40.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tareev B. A. On the dynamics of internal gravity waves in a constantly stratified ocean // Izv. Akad. Nauk, Fiz. Atmos. Okeana. — 1966. — Vol. 2, no. 10. — P. 1064–1075. — (In Russian).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tareev B. A. On the dynamics of internal gravity waves in a constantly stratified ocean // Izv. Akad. Nauk, Fiz. Atmos. Okeana. — 1966. — Vol. 2, no. 10. — P. 1064–1075. — (In Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B41">
    <label>41.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torgrimson G. M. and Hickey B. M. Barotropic and Baroclinic Tides over the Continental Slope and Shelf off Oregon // Journal of Physical Oceanography. — 1979. — Vol. 9, no. 5. — P. 945–961. — https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1979)009&lt;0945:babtot&gt;2.0.co;2.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torgrimson G. M. and Hickey B. M. Barotropic and Baroclinic Tides over the Continental Slope and Shelf off Oregon // Journal of Physical Oceanography. — 1979. — Vol. 9, no. 5. — P. 945–961. — https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1979)009&lt;0945:babtot&gt;2.0.co;2.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B42">
    <label>42.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vlasenko V., Stashchuk N., Hutter K., et al. Nonlinear internal waves forced by tides near the critical latitude // Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. — 2003. — Vol. 50, no. 3. — P. 317–338. — https://doi.org/10.1016/s0967-0637(03)00018-9.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vlasenko V., Stashchuk N., Hutter K., et al. Nonlinear internal waves forced by tides near the critical latitude // Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. — 2003. — Vol. 50, no. 3. — P. 317–338. — https://doi.org/10.1016/s0967-0637(03)00018-9.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B43">
    <label>43.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vlasenko V. I. Non-linear model for the generation of baroclinic tides over extensive inhomogeneities of the seabed relief // Soviet Journal of Physical Oceanography. — 1992. — Vol. 3, no. 6. — P. 417–424. — https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02197556.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vlasenko V. I. Non-linear model for the generation of baroclinic tides over extensive inhomogeneities of the seabed relief // Soviet Journal of Physical Oceanography. — 1992. — Vol. 3, no. 6. — P. 417–424. — https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02197556.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
