An integral parameter for estimating the ionospheric and lightning activity Ionosphere ampersand Lightning Intention Index, IampersandLII has been proposed. This parameter is derived from the spectrogram of a signal recorded in the frequency range of 9 to 11 kHz at a World Wide Lightning Location Network WWLLN station in real time.
Lightning location, Earth--ionosphere waveguide, ionosphere, lightning, atmospheric electricity, instrumentation/sensors
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