BISAC SCI019000 Earth Sciences / General
This work examines the coupling between solar wind interplanetary magnetic field (IMF 𝐵𝑧) and auroral electrojet (𝐴𝐸) index during supersubstorms (SSSs) of 11 April 2001 and 24 November 2001. The SSSs are particularly intense substorms with the value of 𝑆𝑀𝐿 < -2500 nT; 𝐴𝐿 <-2500 nT. For the detail analysis, the data set of 1 min time resolution of IMF 𝐵𝑧 and 𝐴𝐸index in the geocentric solar magnetospheric (GSM) coordinate system are used. The spectral characteristics of SSSs events are studied using continuous wavelet transforms (CWT) and global wavelet spectrum (GWS). The cross-correlation analysis also has been applied to study the correlation and time lag between IMF 𝐵𝑧 and 𝐴𝐸index. The spectrum identified the main periodicities of the IMF 𝐵𝑧 and 𝐴𝐸index during these events. The short-lived periodicity of high-frequency signals are identified between 70 to 256 minutes and 80 to 256 minutes during 11 April 2001 and 24 November 2001, respectively. The global wavelet spectrum (GWS) identifies the most energetic periods are present during the SSSs. Cross-correlation analysis shows that the 𝐴𝐸index correlates (correlation coefficient∼ -0.6) with IMF 𝐵𝑧 at time lag of approximately zero. These results support the previously existing facts that the magnetic reconnection between southward directed IMF 𝐵𝑧 and the northward pointed Earth’s magnetic field at the dayside magnetopause is the primary mechanism for transferring solar wind energy into magnetosphere and ionosphere during the SSSs events.
Geomagnetic index, interplanetary magnetic field, supersubstorms, magnetosphere, magnetic reconnection
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