Modeling the Transport and Deposition of Suspended Solids Under Conditions of Low Water and Surge Phenomena in the Don River Estuary Area
Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
An approach is proposed for the joint use of the model implemented in the HEC-RAS software and a balance model to describe the transport and transformation of suspended solids in a river delta. In the river estuary region, hydrological areas are distinguished: channel areas, floodplain areas, flooded during high floods and storm surges from the sea, and the delta front areas. For the hydrological areas, a dynamic model of the balance of water and substances transported by water flow is built. Parameterization of the suspended solids sedimentation processes and their resuspension is introduced depending on the speed of water movement and particle size. Three gradations of suspended solids in size are considered: pelitic fraction (clay), alevrit fraction (silt) and fine sand. The emphasis is on assessing the impact of marine storm surges on the transport of suspended solids into the river delta and their deposition. To describe water flows between areas, movement speeds, level dynamics and floodplain flooding processes, a detailed model based on the HEC-RAS software adapted to the conditions of the Don River estuary area is used. Calculations of the transport and accumulation of suspended solids in the Don River estuary area were carried out for two variants of hydrological conditions – with the water surge from the sea and without it. The spatiotemporal variability of the concentration and granulometric composition of suspended sediment depending on hydrological conditions is considered. It is shown that in the absence of surge phenomena and low water flow rates, suspended solids are mainly deposited in the avandelta outside the sea edge of the delta, and during the surge period they saturate the water and, at the stage of rising its level, enter the delta, partially settling in the branches and in the floodplain areas. At the same time, at the stage of the water level decline, they are carried out of the channel segments beyond the sea edge of the delta, and mostly remain in the floodplain areas. For low-water conditions with the observed frequency of surge events and in the absence of floods, the Don estuary area retains on average 20% of suspended solids entering with the Don River runoff.

Keywords:
balance model, suspended matter, modeling system HEC-RAS, storm surge, the Don River delta
Text
Text (PDF): Read Download
References

1. Baryshnikov N. B. and Popov I. V. Dynamics of channel processes. — Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat, 1988. — P. 455. — EDN: YOETUN.

2. Berdnikov S. V., Dashkevich L. V. and Kulygin V. V. A New State in the Hydrological Regime of the Sea of Azov in the 21th Century // Doklady Earth Sciences. — 2022. — Vol. 503, no. 1. — P. 123–128. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X22030059.

3. Berdnikov S. V., Sheverdyaev I. V., Kleshchenkov A. V., et al. Combined Application of the Hydrological Model HEC RAS and a Multicompartmental Balance Model to Describe the Transport and Transformation of Suspended Solids in a River Delta: A Case Study of the Don River Estuary Area // Elpub.Preprints. — 2023a. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.24108/preprints-3112769.

4. Berdnikov S. V., Sorokina V. V., Kleshchenkov A. V., et al. Marine indicators of climate change in the Azov Sea ecosystem // Journal of Sea Research. — 2023b. — Vol. 193. — P. 102373. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2023.102373.

5. Day J. W., Agboola J., Chen Zh., et al. Approaches to defining deltaic sustainability in the 21st century // Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. — 2016. — Vol. 183. — P. 275–291. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2016.06.018.

6. Day J. W. and Rybczyk J. M. Global Change Impacts on the Future of Coastal Systems: Perverse Interactions Among Climate Change, Ecosystem Degradation, Energy Scarcity, and Population // Coasts and Estuaries. — Elsevier, 2019. — P. 621–639. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814003-1.00036-8.

7. Dieng H. B., Cazenave A., Meyssignac B., et al. New estimate of the current rate of sea level rise from a sea level budget approach // Geophysical Research Letters. — 2017. — Vol. 44, no. 8. — P. 3744–3751. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073308.

8. Dunn F. E., Darby S. E., Nicholls R. J., et al. Projections of declining fluvial sediment delivery to major deltas worldwide in response to climate change and anthropogenic stress // Environmental Research Letters. — 2019. — Vol. 14, no. 8. — P. 084034. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab304e.

9. Ganicheva L. Z. Patterns of Sedimentogenesis in the Sea of Azov (Suspensions and Conditions of their Formation) : PhD thesis / Ganicheva L. Z. — Rostov-on-Don, 1985.

10. Gerasyuk V. S. and Berdnikov S. V. Experimental Estimation of the Deposition Rate of Water Suspended Particulate Matter in the Mouth of the Don River and in Taganrog Bay // Oceanology. — 2021. — Vol. 61, no. 5. — P. 687–696. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437021040056.

11. Giosan L., Syvitski J., Constantinescu S., et al. Climate change: Protect the world’s deltas // Nature. — 2014. — Vol. 516, no. 7529. — P. 31–33. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/516031a.

12. Hicks F. E. and Peacock T. Suitability of HEC-RAS for Flood Forecasting // Canadian Water Resources Journal. — 2005. — Vol. 30, no. 2. — P. 159–174. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.4296/cwrj3002159.

13. Isaev A. V., Demakov Yu. P. and Sharafutdinov R. N. Patterns of Changes in the Granulometric Composition of Alluvial Soils During the Development of River Floodplains // Bulletin of the Volga State Technological University. Series: Forest. Ecology. Nature Management. — 2022. — Vol. 2, no. 54. — P. 80–93. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.25686/2306-2827.2022.2.80.

14. Kleinschmidt Associates. The Place for HEC-RAS Modelers. — 2020. — (visited on 2023/11/17). https://www.kleinschmidtgroup.com/raspost/hec-ras-6-0-beta-is-now-available/.

15. Kleshchenkov A. V., Gerasyuk V. S., Kulygin V. V., et al. Suspended Matter of the Water from the Tsimlyansk Reservoir to the Taganrog Bay in the Period of Long Low Water in 2006-2020 // Science of the South of Russia. — 2023. — No. 1. — P. 29–39. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.7868/25000640230104.

16. Kleshchenkov A. V. and Sheverdyaev I. V. Numerical Study of the Conditions for Sedimentation of Suspended Matter in the Don Delta during Surges // Fifth Vinogradov Readings. Hydrology in an Era of Change: Collection of Reports of the International Scientific Conference in Memory of the Outstanding Russian Scientist Yuri Borisovich Vinogradov, Saint Petersburg, October 5-14, 2023. — St. Petersburg : VVM, 2023. — P. 257–262. — EDN: JIBVDI.

17. Likhtanskaya N., Berdnikov S. and Kleshchenkov A. Solid runoff of the Don River and suspended matter flow into the delta during surges: statistical modeling and comparison in the low water period // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. — 2023. — Vol. 23, no. 4. — P. 1–15. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es000856.

18. Lukashin V. N., Klyuvitkin A. A., Lisitzin A. P., et al. The MSL-110 small sediment trap // Oceanology. — 2011. — Vol. 51, no. 4. — P. 699–703. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001437011040126.

19. Matishov G. G., Moskovets A. Yu., Inzhebeikin Yu. I., et al. Stages of Construction of Dams, Embankments, and Canals and the Transformation of River Runoff in the Front-Delta of the Don (the 18th-21st Centuries) // Science in the South of Russia. — 2019. — No. 4. — P. 46–54. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.7868/S25001640190406.

20. Mikhailov V. N. River mouths of Russia and adjacent countries: past, present and future. — Moscow : GEOS, 1997. — P. 413.

21. Pandey S., Rao A. D. and Haldar R. Modeling of Coastal Inundation in Response to a Tropical Cyclone Using a Coupled Hydraulic HEC-RAS and ADCIRC Model // Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. — 2021. — Vol. 126, no. 7. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016810.

22. Sheverdyaev I. V., Berdnikov S. V. and Kleshchenkov A. V. HEC-RAS Using for Hydrologic Regime Modeling on the Don’s Delta // Ecology. Economy. Series: Informatics. System analysis and mathematical modeling of ecological and economic systems. — 2017. — Vol. 1, no. 2. — P. 113–122. — EDN: ZNARIL.

23. Sheverdyaev I. V. and Kleschenkov A. V. Revealing the Surge Phenomena Contribution of the Heavy Metals Inflow to the River Don Delta // Physical Oceanography. — 2020. — Vol. 27, no. 5. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.22449/1573-160X-2020-5-535-546.

24. Syvitski J. P. M. and Milliman J. D. Geology, Geography, and Humans Battle for Dominance over the Delivery of Fluvial Sediment to the Coastal Ocean // The Journal of Geology. — 2007. — Vol. 115, no. 1. — P. 1–19. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1086/509246.

25. Tessler Z. D., Vörösmarty C. J., Grossberg M., et al. Profiling risk and sustainability in coastal deltas of the world // Science. — 2015. — Vol. 349, no. 6248. — P. 638–643. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab3574.

26. Venevsky S., Berdnikov S., Day J. W., et al. Don River Delta Hydrological and Geomorphological Transformation Under Anthropogenic and Natural Factors: Century and Decadal Perspectives // Elsevier BV. Preprint. — 2023. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4474057.

27. Venevsky S., Berdnikov S., Sorokina V., et al. Coastal Deltas of Big Rivers as Synergetic Transformation Elements of the Earth System-(An Example of the Don River Delta) // New Prospects in Environmental Geosciences and Hydrogeosciences. — Springer International Publishing, 2022. — P. 79–81. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72543-3_18.

28. Wang X., Guo Y. and Ren J. The Coupling Effect of Flood Discharge and Storm Surge on Extreme Flood Stages: A Case Study in the Pearl River Delta, South China // International Journal of Disaster Risk Science. — 2021. — Vol. 12, no. 4. — P. 1–15. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-021-00355-5.

29. Wolters M. L. and Kuenzer C. Vulnerability assessments of coastal river deltas - categorization and review // Journal of Coastal Conservation. — 2015. — Vol. 19, no. 3. — P. 345–368. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-015-0396-6.

30. Zhang W., Jia Q. and Chen X. Numerical Simulation of Flow and Suspended Sediment Transport in the Distributary Channel Networks // Journal of Applied Mathematics. — 2014. — Vol. 2014. — P. 1–9. — DOI:https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/948731.

Login or Create
* Forgot password?