Векторная декомпозиция сейсмических данных методами волнового обращения во времени
Аннотация и ключевые слова
Аннотация (русский):
В работе анализируется декомпозиция исходных сейсмических данных методами волнового обращения во времени для построения сейсмических атрибутов. В рамках формального подхода к декомпозиции, как к отображению данных одного пространства в данные пространства большей размерности, дается классификация существующих методов сейсморазведки. Выделение этапа декомпозиции в обработке сейсмических данных позволяет упорядочить существующие направления исследований в этой области сейсморазведки и оценить перспективы. Подробно анализируется векторная декомпозиция, являющаяся основой нового метода сейсмической обработки данных Reverse Time Holography (RTH). Метод RTH включает, как частный случай, метод глубинной миграции, метод анализа амплитуд отражения от удалений, метод акустической инверсии и является альтернативой методу оценки скоростей на основе миграции и методу полного волнового обращения. Отмечена тесная связь техники обращения волнового фронта во времени в сейсморазведке с аналогичным обращением в оптике и акустике. Многообразие глубинных сейсмических атрибутов, получаемых в методе RTH на основе векторной декомпозиции, позволяет решать широкий круг практических задач поиска и разработки месторождений углеводородов на новом качественном уровне. Метод RTH успешно опробован на 21 месторождении углеводородов в различных нефтегазоносных провинциях РФ.

Ключевые слова:
сейсморазведка, обращение во времени, рассеяние, сейсмические атрибуты, декомпозиция
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