Generation of Nonlinear Internal Waves by the Transcritical Flow in the Kara Gates Strait

Ilya Kopyshov; Igor Kozlov; Aleksey Zimin

doi:10.2205/2025es001021

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GENERATION OF NONLINEAR INTERNAL WAVES BY THE TRANSCRITICAL FLOW IN THE KARA GATES STRAIT Generation of Nonlinear Internal Waves by the Transcritical Flow in the Kara Gates Strait

АА Аа

Published in Russian Journal of Earth Sciences · ELocator: ES6019 · Rubric: ORIGINAL ARTICLES

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2205/2025es001021 · EDN: OKDYJG

Received: 19.02.2025 Accepted: 06.05.2025 Published: 30.12.2025

Authors

Ilya Kopyshov

ORCID

Igor Kozlov

ORCID

Aleksey Zimin

ORCID Scopus ResearcherID

Ilya Kopyshov

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University)

Russian Academy of Sciences Sea Hydrophysical Institute Lead Engineer · Laboratory of Marine Polar Research

ORCID

Igor Kozlov

Marine Hydrophysical Institute of Russian Academy of Science Russian Federation

ORCID

Aleksey Zimin

P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences Russian Federation

ORCID Scopus ResearcherID

ABSTRACT

In this study, we investigate the generation of nonlinear internal waves (NLIWs) by transcritical flow in the Kara Gates Strait. The analysis of the NLIW generation mechanisms is carried out on the basis of in-situ measurements obtained during «Floating University-2023» expedition in July 2023, and data of Arc2kmTM tidal model. The values of the linear phase velocity of the first mode internal waves in July 2023 ranged from 0.3 to 0.7 m/s. Based on these estimates and model fields of tidal current velocity, the Froude number values in the strait were calculated and its temporal variability was determined. During the tidal cycle, the area of the strait occupied by transcritical and supercritical (𝐹𝑟 > 1) flow regimes can increase substantially.. In a number of areas of the strait, conditions favorable for the generation of NLIWs are observed twice during the 𝑀2 tidal period or 4 times a day. Analysis of synchronous measurements from on board a drifting vessel showed that the flow regime during an 8-hour period successively changed from supercritical to transcritical and then to subcritical values. The total number of NLIW trains and pronounced solitary oscillations, as well as their height and steepness, increased significantly during the period of weakening tidal currents at subcritical values of the Froude number, qualitatively corresponding to the theory of the formation and propagation of NLIWs in the transcritical regime.

KEYWORDS

Nonlinear internal wave, internal wave generation mechanisms, transcritical regime, lee waves, Froude number, transformation of barotropic tidal energy, Kara Gates Strait, Arctic Ocean

Funding

The authors thank the scientific team of the first stage of the "Floating University-2023" expedition aboard the NIS "Dalniye Zelentsy" for their assistance in performing field measurements. The expedition under the "Floating University-2023" program was conducted under Agreement No. 075-03-2024-117. The field measurements were conducted under State Contract FMWE-2024-0028. The analysis of the internal wave field characteristics was conducted under State Contract FNNN-2024-0017.

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GOST

Kopyshov I. O., Kozlov I. E., Zimin A. V. Generation of Nonlinear Internal Waves by the Transcritical Flow in the Kara Gates Strait // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences. 2025. no. 6. ES6019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2205/2025es001021. EDN: OKDYJG. (Date of access 08.09.2026).

MLA

Ilya Kopyshov, Kozlov I. E., Zimin A. V.. "Generation of Nonlinear Internal Waves by the Transcritical Flow in the Kara Gates Strait." Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 25.6 (2025): ES6019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2205/2025es001021. EDN: OKDYJG.

APA

Kopyshov I. O., Kozlov I. E., Zimin A. V. (2025). Generation of Nonlinear Internal Waves by the Transcritical Flow in the Kara Gates Strait. Russian Journal of Earth Sciences, 25(6), ES6019. https://doi.org/10.2205/2025es001021 EDN: OKDYJG.

Chicago

Ilya Kopyshov, Kozlov I. E., Zimin A. V.. "Generation of Nonlinear Internal Waves by the Transcritical Flow in the Kara Gates Strait." Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 25, no. 6 (2025): ES6019. https://doi.org/10.2205/2025es001021. EDN: OKDYJG.

WIKI

{{cite journal | author = Kopyshov I. O., Kozlov I. E., Zimin A. V. | title = Generation of Nonlinear Internal Waves by the Transcritical Flow in the Kara Gates Strait | journal = Russian Journal of Earth Sciences | year = 2025 | volume = 25 | issue = 6 | pages = ES6019 | doi = 10.2205/2025es001021 }} EDN: OKDYJG

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GENERATION OF NONLINEAR INTERNAL WAVES BY THE TRANSCRITICAL FLOW IN THE KARA GATES STRAIT Generation of Nonlinear Internal Waves by the Transcritical Flow in the Kara Gates Strait

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